Cardinal Carlos Gustavo Castillo Mattasoglio, Archbishop of Lima, Peru, was born in Lima on 28 February 1950. He entered the Santo Toribio Major Seminary of Mogrovejo in the metropolitan archdiocese of Lima, and was sent to Rome for his ecclesiastical studies where, in 1979, he obtained a bachelor’s degree in philosophy and, in 1983, in theology from the Pontifical Gregorian University of Rome. In 1985 he was awarded a licentiate and, in 1987, a doctorate in dogmatic theology from the Pontifical Gregorian University. He has held the following offices: lecturer in theology at the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru (from 1987 to the present), assessor of the National Union of Catholic Students (1987-1998), parish vicar of San Francisco de Asís (1987-1990) and La Encarnación (1990-1991), archdiocesan head of university pastoral care in Lima and collaborator in the parish of San Juan Apóstol (1991-1999), vicar for youth pastoral care in Lima, organizer of the Youth Vicariate and head of vocational pastoral care (1996-1999), national assessor of the Episcopal Commission for Youth of the Peruvian Episcopal Conference (1990-2001), parish vicar of San Juan Apóstol (1999-2001), national assessor for youth pastoral care (2000), parish priest of Virgen Medianera (2002-2009), director of Relations with the Church and member of the university council of the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru (2003-2006), and parish priest of San Lázaro (2010-2015). On 25 January 2019 he was appointed by Pope Francis as metropolitan archbishop of the archdiocese of Lima, Peru, receiving episcopal ordination the following 2 March.

Created and proclaimed Cardinal by Pope Francis in the consistory of 7 December 2024 of the Title of S. Maria delle Grazie a Casal Boccone.